Journal of Urban Studies on Space and Place

Abstract The attitude of the host community towards the development of tourism is a subject that has recently received attention. The host community consists of a set of official agents, such as officials and agents of the tourism field, and informal agents, such as the residents of the tourism area. Residents of the tourism area in cities are citizens who are affected by urban events. Therefore, they will interact with the tourists of their city and evaluate the common tourism process in the city. In the present research, it has been tried to describe and analyze the citizens' understanding of the consequences of the presence of tourists for the urban space of Isfahan. The data of this study is a combination of two research projects that were conducted in 2014 and 2016. Citizens aged 15 to 65 in the fifteen districts of Isfahan city were the studied community in these two studies. And the method of data collection in both researches is survey. The results of the research indicate that the citizens of Isfahan consider the consequences of tourism for the urban space of Isfahan, including ten main themes in two dimensions: positive consequences and negative consequences. These themes include "creating employment, improving the quality of life of citizens, increasing cultural interactions, increasing services and facilities in the city and increasing security and reducing crime" in the dimension of positive consequences and "increasing traffic in the city, increasing prices and costs of living, limiting visits Among the tourist attractions for citizens, restrictions on the use of urban facilities and services and the increase in environmental pollution in tourist places are negative consequences. Citizens' evaluation of these consequences shows that positive consequences prevail over negative consequence.

Abstract This article is part of a larger study that examines urbanization in non-English speaking countries. Due to the lack of sources in Farsi or English, the experiences of these countries (which in many cases have common issues with Iran) are less accessible to Iranian readers. In this regard, this article, focusing on the neighboring country of Turkey, has tried to identify the characteristics of urban planning in this country and introduce its shortcomings and problems. This article can provide a possibility for a comparative study in addition to the mentioned goal. To create the possibility of evaluation and adaptation, Friedman's quadruple framework is used to categorize urban planning methods. The review of sources is done in a narrative format and by the contemporary history of late Ottoman and Turkey. In the framework of this narrative, urban planning methods are expressed from specialized (and limited and scattered) sources in English and sometimes using evidence and media news and reviewing them, and at the end, they are analyzed using the introduced theoretical framework. Based on this, the important shortcomings of Turkey's urban planning and suggestions to solve them are discussed, the most important of which is the weakness in learning from the society and unilateral insistence on state-led reforms without paying enough attention to the background culture. 

Abstract Citizen participation, a process of public decision that affects individual and collective interests, is a part of democracy within the relationship between empowering citizens and the government, and nowadays, the capability of retaliating in urban planning has been considered in developed societies. Realizing this process, which forms in the context of communication, depends on the empowerment communities process, in which people and communities can affect their environment, leading to decentralization in power. Therefore, this article aims to study and analyze how to promote citizen participation in urban planning through the empowerment of local cohesive communities in the communication platform of virtual space.Therefore by considering three concepts of communication, community empowerment, and citizen participation via three below ways, we tried to find the participation of the three above concepts over time 1- content analyses, 2- historical research, 3-comparative research. The analysis results in this paper express the gradual improvement of citizen participation in urban designing over time and to make more democratized communication; in addition, the possibility of relationship development and network communication in virtual communities and increasing the empowerment of communities are very useful in this process.

Abstract As one of the immigrant-friendly centers of Tehran province, Shahryar city has faced physical expansion and the formation of informal settlements. Based on this, the aim of the current research is to present a suitable management model for organizing and empowering these neighborhoods and preventing their formation in Shahryar city with a passive defense approach. The current research is applied and its method is descriptive-analytical. Research information has been collected in the form of field and documents. The statistical population includes the legal boundaries of Shahriar city in 1401. The sample size consists of 322 residents and 10 experts. Methods such as AHP, TOPSIS, chi-square test, single-variable chi-square test, Spearman's correlation coefficient, regression coefficient and variance regression (ANOVA) have been used to analyze the research data. GIS and SPSS software have been used to analyze research data.The results of the research show that the percentage of neighborhoods with suitable, relatively suitable, average, relatively unsuitable and unsuitable quality is 9%, 22%, 32%, 26% and 11% respectively. Therefore, more than 37% of the fabric of Shahriar city needs passive defense planning. The results of the chi-square test (70.06) and its significance level (0.00) confirm the lack of trust of the residents of Shahryar city towards urban management in reducing the problems of informal settlements. Based on the results of Spearman's correlation coefficient (0.567) and regression determination coefficient (0.37), the urban management model based on local management cores and neighborhood development offices with a passive defense approach on organizing and empowering informal settlements in Shahriar city and preventing the formation They have the most impact. The results of variance regression analysis and simple linear regression analysis have also confirmed this. In addition, the passive defense approach can improve the security and safety factor of Shahriar city through organizing and empowering the neighborhoods, creating facilities and equipment to reduce vulnerability, creating emergency accommodation places.

Abstract One of the main problems of urban development is scattered growth and horizontal expansion, which causes problems such as the central areas of cities being deprived of the flow of development, vast lands remaining unused within the city limits, and the formation of unstable urban development. Therefore, it is important to control this development and direct it towards the lands inside the cities by using the intermediate development model in this field. In the city of Naein, the recent developments in the form of horizontal distribution have caused urban instability and the survival of parts of the inner city, including its historical context, from development. In addition, this city has obstacles for horizontal expansion in its surroundings and has many potential areas for internal development of the city. This research is an applied research in terms of its purpose and a descriptive-analytical research in terms of its method, and documentary and field methods were used to collect information. In this research, after identifying and determining the criteria and indicators of mixed-use development and localizing it with the conditions of Naein city, the TOPSIS multi-indicator decision-making technique was used using Excel software and the areas prone to mixed-use development were determined. Then, using the AHP hierarchical analysis process, using the Expert choice software, the areas prone to development were prioritized by determining and using the relevant criteria, and the results were overlapped and drawn using the geographic information system (GIS). In the end, the proposed patterns of intermediate development intervention in this city and the corresponding solutions have been formulated and presented. The obtained results show that the intermediate development model can be a favorable and efficient model for the future development process of Naein city as an intermediate and historical city. Also, the most suitable areas for intermediate development in the city are the buffer zone between Naein and Mohammadieh, the old Naein and Mohammadieh areas, the new area and finally the northwest lands of this city.

Abstract The realization of a sustainable university as an institution that prioritizes environmental, social, economic, and cultural sustainability in its strategies, policies, and practices; As a strategic center, it plays a central role in urban environments, and in the last few decades, it has been the focus of urban planning and designer researchers. A university, as a higher education institution that provides three areas of educational performance: educational space, educational experience in context, and natural environment, plays an important role in the balance and interaction of social activity, built-physical environment, and natural environment. They play Providing a method and a tool to evaluate the level of stability of the educational space as a physical-spatial space is the subject that is addressed in this research. For this purpose, various types of assessment tools are introduced, and then the graphic assessment tool of sustainability in the university (GASU) is examined as one of the analytical tools. This research is based on its interpretative approach, following the introduction and application of an evaluation method to measure the sustainability of university campuses as a special type of urban public space. Based on this, this research has used the strategy of reviewing the research literature using library resources (a heuristic approach). The results are presented in two parts: the framework of GASU indicators and the rereading of this method for its application in the university with the aim of turning it into a public space in the city. The results indicate that the general indicators are centered on the institutional core of the university campus in order to create a vision for information and public participation; economic indicators are another part of the institutional core, seeking to draw the conditions of competition, benefit, and public participation in the economic field; And finally, the environmental index to describe a nature-friendly environment is based on local values and technology-based energy efficiency.